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Medical student Moses McCloud describes the "problems" facing a plantation physician.

Date: 1850

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In his thesis, "Hints on the Medical Treatment of Negroes," McCloud states that "heroic treatments," such as bloodletting and cathartics, will strengthen a white body and weaken a Black body. For this reason, he says that all such treatment should be withheld from sick Black people so as to not "weaken" them. He calls for separate, racialized medical systems for treating white and Black patients on plantations.

This paper, like many others from medical students across the country in this era, focuses on the biological differences between Black and white bodies in regards to climate and pain tolerance. These beliefs persist to this day.