This organization is founded by Lugenia Burns Hope, along with eight other Black women. The Neighborhood Union is a response to the white-led (and largely "whites-only") anti-tuberculosis movement. They will become a leader in fighting for Black care and wellness outside of the white-dominated anti-tuberculosis movement at the start of the century. The union fights for school improvements and neighborhood sanitation, and opens a settlement house and a health clinic.

Boomer (2022) writes: "The group offered temporary housing, food, classes in parenting and elderly care, medical attention, and other services. Hundreds of such clubs existed around the country. They were early models of grassroots organizing and community building."