Skip to main content

The timeline can be navigated with the “Scroll Left” and “Scroll Right” buttons or by dragging the pointer to a date on the timeline waveform (located at the bottom of the screen on the desktop version and on the left of the screen on mobile). To filter by a particular topic and see a smaller section of the data, make a selection on the dropdown “Filters” menu or click “Search” to do a keyword search. Hover over the abbreviated filter tags in the blue boxes to see the complete name of the filter, or click a filter to display all the data with this tag. If you want to take a deeper dive into a specific topic by viewing a narrative essay page and a curated timeline, click on “Stories.”

Read More
Photo of Bhagat Singh Thind, a Brown man wearing a turban, holding a gun and looking into the camera.
Bhagat Singh Thind in his U.S. Army Uniform (1918).

U.S. Supreme Court rules that South Asians do not qualify for naturalization.

1923

IM
LEG
API
WHI
Bhagat Singh Thind in his U.S. Army Uniform (1918).

After the U.S. Supreme Court rejects a North Indian man's claim that he is "caucasian" and therefore eligible for citizenship in the case of United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind, South Asians/Indians who are already naturalized have their citizenship rescinded.

The ruling also means that the Alien Land Law applies to the many Indian immigrants who have already purchased or leased land. After this ruling, some landowners will lose their property.