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Influenza vaccines tested on incarcerated people and institutionalized patients in psychiatric care.

1950s

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During the 1950s, Jonas Salk and Thomas Francis test their influenza vaccines on institutionalized patients in psychiatric care and incarcerated people in Michigan.

Dr. Albert Sabin tests his live virus polio vaccine on 133 prisoners at the Federal Reformatory in Ohio.

Sloan-Kettering collaborates with Ohio State University, and conducts cancer experiments in which live cancer cells are injected into supposed “volunteers.”