The act gives authority to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to oversee the safety of food, drugs, medical devices, and cosmetics.
After public outcry from the Elixir tragedy, which resulted in the death of over 100 people, U.S. Congress was pressured to act to approve food, drugs, and cosmetics before going to market. Later additions will include the materials for "alternative medicine," such as acupuncture needles, homeopathic medications, and herbal remedies.